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Laparoscopy is a surgery that allows a surgeon to see within the belly (tummy) and pelvis by making small incisions in the skin. This is sometimes referred to as minor invasive surgery or keyhole surgery because the surgeon uses a laparoscope (instrument). This is a tiny tube with a light source and a camera that sends images of the abdomen or pelvis to the monitor. With laparoscopy, large incisions can be avoided.
Laparoscopy is a routine surgical procedure with few complications. But the benefits of laparoscopy over traditional surgical treatment include a shorter hospital stay, faster recovery time, lesser discomfort and bleeding after the surgery, and a lower number of scars, allowing you to resume your usual tasks sooner. Here’s an example. Traditional procedures may need you to spend a week or more in the hospital for intestinal surgery, with a total recovery time of 1-2 months. If you have laparoscopic surgery, you may spend not more than two nights in the hospital and recuperate in two or three weeks. In addition, a shorter hospital stay is often less expensive.
Laparoscopy can be used to assist in the diagnosis of disorders that occur within the abdomen or pelvis. It can also be used for surgical procedures, including removing a damaged or sick organ or taking a tissue sample for further testing. Laparoscopy is most typically used in the following fields: gynecology, gastroenterology, and urology.
Laparoscopy is performed under general anesthesia, so you will not feel any pain during the surgery. The surgeon makes one or more small incisions in the abdomen during a laparoscopy. These allow the surgeon to put the laparoscope and a tube into the abdomen to pump gas. This further allows the surgeon to view the insides and operate more easily. Following the treatment, the gas is removed from your abdomen, the incisions are stitched up, and a dressing is applied.
There are a few difficulties and risks involved here. They could be minor or major. Slight problems such as infection, minor bleeding and bruising around the incision, and nausea and vomiting are predicted to occur in 1 or 2 out of every 100 patients following laparoscopy. Major complications such as damage to an organ (bowel or bladder), which could result in organ function loss, damage to a major artery, complications arising from the use of carbon dioxide during the procedure, such as gas bubbles entering your veins or arteries, or a serious allergic reaction to anesthesia are estimated to occur in one out of every 1000 cases. A blood clot forming in a vein (especially deep vein thrombosis or DVT), which can break off and impede blood flow in one of the lung’s blood arteries, is also a risk. Many of these more serious issues necessitate additional surgery.
In rare cases, the surgeon may be able to insert both the camera and the surgical tool through the same opening in the skin. This means there will be less scarring. However, because the devices are so close together, it is more difficult for the surgeon to handle them. In other situations, the surgeon may choose to employ a gadget that allows them to reach in with their hand. This is referred to as hand-assisted laparoscopy. The skin cut must be longer than half an inch, but it can still be smaller than those made in standard/conventional surgeries. This facilitates using laparoscopic surgery for the liver and other organs.
Polycystic ovarian syndrome/disease (PCOS/PCOD) was named after Stein and Leventhal, who established a link between polycystic ovaries, oligo-anovulation, and hirsutism in 1935. Both afflict 5%–15% of reproductive-age women and are the leading cause of infertility owing to anovulation. There isn’t much difference between them. PCOS is an endocrine system disorder, whereas PCOD is a hormonal imbalance. Ovarian drilling reduces the likelihood of multiple pregnancies and prevents hyperstimulation syndrome. A patient undergoing therapy requires biological checkups, ultrasounds, etc., whereas laparoscopic drilling requires only small surgery and anesthesia. Long-term efficacy, permitting more than one pregnancy through spontaneous ovulation recovery, may be a considerable advantage over conventional medical treatment. The idea of repeating this procedure in a few months or years should also be considered.
If you undergo a laparoscopy, you will most likely go home the same day and be able to resume your normal activities within 24 hours. Your ability to resume normal activities will be determined by how quickly you recover from surgery, which could take a few days or up to four weeks
Ovarian drilling is sometimes used for PCOS women who do not ovulate even after weight loss and fertility medication. Ovulation cycles may be restored if a portion of the ovaries is destroyed.
Associated risks
Ovarian drilling may affect the number of eggs you have left or cause early menopause. Talk to your doctor about these possible risks
PCOD drilling is a successful treatment for infection and other issues. Females can become pregnant within a year of surgery.
The purpose of this operation is to assist a woman’s menstrual cycle and ovulation. In the first year following surgery, around half of all women become pregnant.
After the procedure, some women may still not have regular cycles. Others may have fertility issues such as clogged tubes that prevent them from becoming pregnant.
Komala’s Women Clinic is a multidisciplinary organization dedicated to the advancement of the art, science and practice of reproductive medicine.
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